Personality and territoriality in theory and in Belgium

Abstract Language policy debates regularly refer to the principles of personality and territoriality. Yet precise meaning these remains unclear. In this contribution, I conceptualize as poles a continuum between official bilingualism (instantiating principle) unilingualism (exemplifying territoriality principle), with mixed regime in (which grants certain territorial primacy language, but allows exceptions based on linguistic affiliation). The question determination particular points cannot be separated from metaterritorial boundaries units within which those apply. Application ‘continuum model’ Belgium draws attention three language-political regimes. first invokes strict principle (Brussels). second follows (almost all municipalities Flanders Wallonia). third is (a total 27 ‘municipalities facilities’ where one language enjoys speakers another enjoy ‘facilities’). article also analyses manner regimes were historically established combination delineation border division country into four areas.